Morphology and magnetic anomalies north of Iceland
Article Sidebar
Published:
Jan 24, 1980
Keywords:
Rock magnetism,
Magnetic smooth zones,
Magnetic anomalies,
Sea-floor spreading,
Plate tectonics,
Iceland,
Iceland platform,
Iceland plateau,
Fracture zones,
Hot spots,
Aeromagnetics
Volumes
Vols. 1-18 (1924-1944), ISSN 0044-2801
Main Article Content
Abstract
Detailed low-level aeromagnetic data between Iceland and 70° N are combined with published bathymetric, seismic reflection, and other data to yield a new tectonic synthesis of this region of anomalously shallow sea floor. On Kolbeinsey Ridge short transform faults have repeatedly formed and disappeared over the last 7-8 Ma. Spreading from Kolbeinsey Ridge began about anomaly 6C time (24 Ma); total opening rates increased from 1.5 cm/a to 2 cm/a about 12-13 Ma ago. The Intermediate-Iceland- Plateau extinct axis thus does not exist, and oceanic crust must underlie much of the Greenland margin, perhaps up to the coast itself. This in turn implies locally over 100 km prograding, much of which probably occurred during Plio-Pleistocene glacial periods. The Iceland shelf has been prograded locally 25 km or more. The plate acceleration a 12-13 Ma ago correlates with time-transgressive basement ridges or escarpments previously found on Reykjanes Ridge and here identified north of Iceland as well. The features are proposed to reflect an abrupt mid-Miocene increase in discharge from the Iceland plume. Other time-transgressive basement structures are found on younger Kolbeinsey Ridge crust. Lower Tertiary anomalies 13 to at least 22 are identified in the Denmark Straits, ruling out the hypothesis that the Iceland platform resulted from a westward jump of the spreading center at anomaly 7 time. The magnetic smooth zones being formed where the Kolbeinsey and Reykjanes Ridges enter Iceland have a multiple origin: degassing at depths less than 500 m, coupled with crustal reheating as a result of burial by sediment may be the most important processes.
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How to Cite
Vogt, P., Johnson, G., & Kristjansson, L. (1980). Morphology and magnetic anomalies north of Iceland. Journal of Geophysics, 47(1), 67-80. Retrieved from https://journal.geophysicsjournal.com/JofG/article/view/74
Section
References
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Belousov, V V., Udintsev, G.B. (Eds.) (1977) Islandiya i sredinno-okeanicheskii khrebet. Stroenie dna okeana. Iceland and Mid-Oceanic Ridge. Structure of the Ocean Floor (in Russian). 204 pp. Moscow, Nauka
Bjornsson, A.G., Johnsen, G., Sigurdsson, S., Thorbergsson, G., Tryggvason, E. (1979) Rifting of the plate boundary in North Iceland 1975-1978. J. Geophys. Res. 84:3029-3038
Bjornsson, A., Saemundsson, K., Einarsson, P., Tryggvason, E., Gronvold, K. (1977) Current rifting episode in North Iceland. Nature 266:318-323
Blakely, R.J. (1976) An age-dependent, two-layer model for marine magnetic anomalies. In The Geophysics of the Pacific Ocean Basin and Its Margin. Geophys. Monogr. 19, pp. 227-234. Washington, D.C. Am. Geophys. Union
Brooks, C.H., Jakobsson, S.P. (1974) Petrochemistry of the volcanic rocks of the North Atlantic Ridge system. In. Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic area, L. Kristjansson, Ed. pp. 139-154. NATO Advanced Study Institute Series. Reidel. Dordrecht
Cochran, J.R., Talwani, M. (1978) Gravity anomalies, regional elevation, and the deep structure of the North Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res. 83:4907-4924
Deer, W.A. (1976) Tertiary igneous rocks between Scoresby Sund and Kap Gustav Holm, East Greenland. In Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, Eds. pp. 405-429. Copenhagen: Geol. Survey of Greenland
Egloff, J., Johnson, G.L. (1979) Erosional and depositional structures of the southwest Iceland insular margin Thirteen geophysical profiles. In Geological and Geophysical Investigations of Continental Margins, J.S. Watkins, L. Montadert, P W Dickerson, Eds: Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 43-64
Einarsson, T. (1963) On submarine geology around Iceland. Natturu fraedingurinn 32:155-175
Gairaud, H., Jacquart, G., Aubertin, F., Beuzart, P. (1978) The Jan Mayen Ridge: Synthesis of geological knowledge and new data. Oceanologica Acta 1:335-358
Gmnlie, G., Chapmann, M., Talwani, M. (1979) Jan Mayen Ridge and Iceland Plateau· Origin and evolution. Nor Polarinst. Skr. In press
Gmnlie, G., Talwani, M. (1978) Geophysical Atlas: Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Vema Res. Ser. Vol. 4, Lamont-Doherty Geol. Obs., 26 pp
Harrison, C.G.A., McDougall, I., Watkins, N.D. (1979) A geomagnetic field reversal time scale back to 13.0 m. y. before present. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 42:143-152
Hey, R., Vogt, P. (1977) Spreading center jumps and sub-axial asthenosphere flow near the Galapagos hot spot. In. Subduction Zones. Mid Ocean Ridges, Oceanic Trenches, and Geodynamics, S. Uyeda, Ed. pp. 41-52. Amsterdam Elsevier
Hinz, K., Schluter, H.-U. (1978) Der Nordatlantik Ergebnisse geophysikalischer Untersuchungen der Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe an nordatlantischen Kontinentalrandern. Erdol, Erdgas Z. 94:271-280
Huestis, S.P., Parker, R.L. (1977) Bounding the thickness of the oceanic magnetized layer J. Geophys. Res. 82:5293-5303
Jakobsson, S.P. (1972) Chemistry and distribution pattern of Recent basaltic rocks in Iceland. Lithos 5:365-386
Johnson, G.L. (1974) Morphology of the mid-ocean ridge between Iceland and the Arctic Basin. In Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic Area L. Kristjansson, Ed. pp. 49-62. Dordrecht, Reidel
Johnson, G.L. (1975) The Jan Mayen Ridge. In Canada's Continental Margins and Offshore Petroleum Exploration, C.J. Yorath, E.R. Parker, D.J. Glass, eds. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., Mem. 4:225-234
Johnson, G.L., Heezen, B.C. (1967) Morphology and evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Deep-Sea Res. 13, 755-771
Johnson, G.L., McMillan, N.J., Egloff, J. (1975) The continental margin of East Greenland. In Canada's Continental Margins and Offshore Petroleum Exploration, C.J. Yorath, E.R. Parker, D.J. Glass, eds. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., Mem. 4:205-224
Johnson, G.L., Palmason, G. (1980) Observations of the morphology and structure of the sea floor south and west of Iceland, J. Geophys. 47:23-50
Johnson, G.L., Southall, J.R., Young, O.W., Vogt, P.R. (1972) The origin and structure of the Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 77:5688-5696
Joint Oceanographic Institutions Deep Earth Sample (1975) Sources of magnetic anomalies on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature 225:389-390
Kristjansson, L. (1972) On the thickness of the magnetic crustal layer in southwestern Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 16:237-244
Kristjansson, L. (1976a) A marine magnetic survey off southern Iceland. Mar Geophys. Res. 2:315-326
Kristjansson, L. (1976b) Central volcanoes on the western Icelandic shelf. Mar Geophys. Res. 2:285-289
Kristjansson, L. (1976c) Marine magnetic surveys off the west coast of Iceland. Soc. Sci. Isl. Greinar 5:23-44
Kristjansson, L., Thors, K., Karlsson, H.R. (1977) Confirmation of central volcanoes off the Icelandic coast. Nature 268:325-326
Kristjansson, L., Watkins, N.D. (1977) Magnetic studies of basalt fragments recovered by deep drilling in Iceland, and the 'magnetic layer' concept. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 34:365-374
LaBrecque, J.L., Kent, D.V., Cande, S.C. (1977) Revised magnetic polarity time scale for Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic time. Geology 5:330-335
Larsen, H.C. (1978) Offshore continuation of East Greenland dyke swarm and North Atlantic ocean formation. Nature 274:220-223
McMaster, R.L., Schilling, J.-G., Pinet, P.R. (1977) Plate boundary within Tjorness Fracture Zone on northern Iceland's insular margin. Nature 269:663-668
Meyer, O., Voppel., D., Fleischer, U., Closs, H., Gerke, K. (1972) Results of bathymetric, magnetic and gravimetric measurements between Iceland and 70° N. Dtsch. Hydrogr. z. 25:193-206
Minster, J.B., Jordan, T.H., Molnar, P., Haines, E. (1974) Numerical modeling of instantaneous plate tectonics. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 36:541-576
Moore, J.G., Schilling, J.G. (1973) Vesicules, water and sulfur in Reykjanes Ridge basalts. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 41:105-118
Morgan, W.J. (1972) Deep mantle convection plumes and plate motions. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 56:203-213
Nilsen, T.H. (1978) Lower Tertiary laterite on the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge and the Thulean land bridge. Nature 274:786-788
Noe-Nygaard, A. (1976) Tertiary igneous rocks between Shannon and Scoresby Sund, East Greenland. In: Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, Eds.: Geological Survey of Greenland, Copenhagen, pp. 387-402
Olafsd6ttir, T. (1975) A moraine ridge on the Iceland shelf, west of Breidafjordur. Natturufraedingurinn 45:31-36
Palmason, G. (1973) Comments on "Origin and Structure of Iceland of Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge,' by G.L. Johnson, J.R. Southall, P.W. Young, P.R. Vogt, J. Geophys. Res. 78:7019
Palmason, G., Saemundsson, K. (1974) Iceland in relation to the MidAtlantic Ridge, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2, 25-50, 1974 Palma son, G.: Insular Margins of Iceland. In: Geology of Continental Margins, C.A. Burke, C.L. Drake, Eds.: pp. 375-379. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer
Palmason, G., Arnorsson, S., Fridleifsson, I.B., Kristmannsdottir, H., Saemundsson, K., Stefansson, V., Steingrimsson, B., Tomasson, J., Kristjansson, L. (1979) The Iceland Crust: Evidence from Drillhole Data on Structure and Processes. In: Deep Drilling Results in the Atlantic Ocean: Ocean Crust, M. Talwani, C.G.A. Harrison, D.E. Hayes, Eds.: Maurice Ewing Series, Vol. 2, pp. 43-65. Am. Geophys. Union
Perry, R.K., Fleming, H.S., Cherkis, N.Z., Feden, R.H., Massingill, J.V. (1977) Bathymetry of the Norwegian - Greenland and Western Barents Sea, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC
Piper, J.D.A. (1973) Interpretation of some magnetic anomalies over Iceland. Tectonophysics 16:163-187
Poehls, K.A., Luyendyk, B.P., Heirtzler, J.R. (1973) Magnetic smooth zones in the world's ocans. J. Geophys. Res. 78:6985-6997
Saemundsson, K. (1974) Evolution of the axial rifting zone in northern Iceland and the Tjornes Fracture Zone. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 85:495-504
Schilling, J.-G. (1973) Iceland mantle plume, geochemical evidence along Reykjanes Ridge. Nature 242:565-578
Serson, P.H., Hannaford, W., Haines, G.V. (1978) Magnetic anomalies over Iceland. Science 162:355-357
Sigurgeirsson, T. (1979) Aeromagnetic maps of SW-Iceland and of middle Western Iceland in scale 1 :250,000. University of Iceland
Sommerhoff, G. (1973) Formenschatz und morphologische Gliederung des siidostgronliindischen Schelfgebietes und Kontinentalabhanges. Meteor Forschungsergeb. Reihe C:15:1-54
Talwani, M., Eldholm, O. (1977) Evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88:969-999
Talwani, M., Udintsev, G., Shirshov, P.P. (1976) Tectonic Synthesis. In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, XXXVIII. pp. 1213-1242. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office
Talwani, M., Windisch, C.C., Langseth, Jr., M. (1971) Reykjanes Ridge crest: A detailed geophysical study. J. Geophys. Res. 76:473-517
Vogt, P.R. (1970) Magnetized basement outcrops on the southeast Greenland continental shelf. Nature 226:743-744
Vogt, P.R. (1971) Asthenosphere motion recorded by the ocean floor south of Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 13:153-160
Vogt, P.R. (1974) The Iceland Phenomenon: Imprints of a hot spot on the ocean crust, and implicatins for flow below the plates. In: Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic Area, L. Kristjansson, Ed.: NATO Adv. Study Inst. Ser. pp. 49-62. Dordrecht, Reidel
Vogt, P.R. (1976) Plumes, sub-axial pipe flow, and topography along the mid-oceanic ridge. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 29:309-325
Vogt, P.R. (1979) Global magmatic episodes: New evidence and implications for the steady-state mid-oceanic ridge. Geology 7:93-98
Vogt, P.R., Avery, O. (1974) Detailed magnetic surveys in the northeast Atlantic and Labrador Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 79:363-389
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1973) Magnetic telechemistry of oceanic crust? Nature 245:373-375
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1974) Magnetic telechemistry is elegant but nature is complex-A reply. Nature 251:498-499
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1975) Transform faults and longitudinal flow below the mid-oceanic ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 80:1399-1428
Vogt, P.R., Anderson, C.N., Bracey, D.R., Schneider, E.D. (1970b) North Atlantic magnetic smooth zones. J. Geophys. Res. 75:2955-2968
Vogt, P.R., Ostenso, N.A., Johnson, G.L. (1970a) Magnetic and bathymetric data bearing on sea-floor spreading north of Iceland. J. Geophys. Res. 75:903-920
Vogt, P.R., Perry, R. (1978) Post-rifting accretion of continental margins in the Norwegian-Greenland and Labrador Seas: Morphologic evidence. Eos Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 59, 1204
Voppel, D., Srivastava, S.P., Fleischer, U. (1979) Detailed magnetic measurements south of the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge. Dtsch. Hydrogr. Z. In press
Watkins, N.D., Walker, G.P.L. (1977) Magnetostratigraphy of eastern Iceland. Am. J. Sci. 277:5131-5184
Weidick, A. (1976) Glaciation and the Quaternary of Greenland. In: Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, eds.: pp. 431-458. Copenhagen: Geol. Surv. Greenland
Belousov, V V., Udintsev, G.B. (Eds.) (1977) Islandiya i sredinno-okeanicheskii khrebet. Stroenie dna okeana. Iceland and Mid-Oceanic Ridge. Structure of the Ocean Floor (in Russian). 204 pp. Moscow, Nauka
Bjornsson, A.G., Johnsen, G., Sigurdsson, S., Thorbergsson, G., Tryggvason, E. (1979) Rifting of the plate boundary in North Iceland 1975-1978. J. Geophys. Res. 84:3029-3038
Bjornsson, A., Saemundsson, K., Einarsson, P., Tryggvason, E., Gronvold, K. (1977) Current rifting episode in North Iceland. Nature 266:318-323
Blakely, R.J. (1976) An age-dependent, two-layer model for marine magnetic anomalies. In The Geophysics of the Pacific Ocean Basin and Its Margin. Geophys. Monogr. 19, pp. 227-234. Washington, D.C. Am. Geophys. Union
Brooks, C.H., Jakobsson, S.P. (1974) Petrochemistry of the volcanic rocks of the North Atlantic Ridge system. In. Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic area, L. Kristjansson, Ed. pp. 139-154. NATO Advanced Study Institute Series. Reidel. Dordrecht
Cochran, J.R., Talwani, M. (1978) Gravity anomalies, regional elevation, and the deep structure of the North Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res. 83:4907-4924
Deer, W.A. (1976) Tertiary igneous rocks between Scoresby Sund and Kap Gustav Holm, East Greenland. In Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, Eds. pp. 405-429. Copenhagen: Geol. Survey of Greenland
Egloff, J., Johnson, G.L. (1979) Erosional and depositional structures of the southwest Iceland insular margin Thirteen geophysical profiles. In Geological and Geophysical Investigations of Continental Margins, J.S. Watkins, L. Montadert, P W Dickerson, Eds: Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol., Tulsa, Oklahoma, pp. 43-64
Einarsson, T. (1963) On submarine geology around Iceland. Natturu fraedingurinn 32:155-175
Gairaud, H., Jacquart, G., Aubertin, F., Beuzart, P. (1978) The Jan Mayen Ridge: Synthesis of geological knowledge and new data. Oceanologica Acta 1:335-358
Gmnlie, G., Chapmann, M., Talwani, M. (1979) Jan Mayen Ridge and Iceland Plateau· Origin and evolution. Nor Polarinst. Skr. In press
Gmnlie, G., Talwani, M. (1978) Geophysical Atlas: Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Vema Res. Ser. Vol. 4, Lamont-Doherty Geol. Obs., 26 pp
Harrison, C.G.A., McDougall, I., Watkins, N.D. (1979) A geomagnetic field reversal time scale back to 13.0 m. y. before present. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 42:143-152
Hey, R., Vogt, P. (1977) Spreading center jumps and sub-axial asthenosphere flow near the Galapagos hot spot. In. Subduction Zones. Mid Ocean Ridges, Oceanic Trenches, and Geodynamics, S. Uyeda, Ed. pp. 41-52. Amsterdam Elsevier
Hinz, K., Schluter, H.-U. (1978) Der Nordatlantik Ergebnisse geophysikalischer Untersuchungen der Bundesanstalt fiir Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe an nordatlantischen Kontinentalrandern. Erdol, Erdgas Z. 94:271-280
Huestis, S.P., Parker, R.L. (1977) Bounding the thickness of the oceanic magnetized layer J. Geophys. Res. 82:5293-5303
Jakobsson, S.P. (1972) Chemistry and distribution pattern of Recent basaltic rocks in Iceland. Lithos 5:365-386
Johnson, G.L. (1974) Morphology of the mid-ocean ridge between Iceland and the Arctic Basin. In Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic Area L. Kristjansson, Ed. pp. 49-62. Dordrecht, Reidel
Johnson, G.L. (1975) The Jan Mayen Ridge. In Canada's Continental Margins and Offshore Petroleum Exploration, C.J. Yorath, E.R. Parker, D.J. Glass, eds. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., Mem. 4:225-234
Johnson, G.L., Heezen, B.C. (1967) Morphology and evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Deep-Sea Res. 13, 755-771
Johnson, G.L., McMillan, N.J., Egloff, J. (1975) The continental margin of East Greenland. In Canada's Continental Margins and Offshore Petroleum Exploration, C.J. Yorath, E.R. Parker, D.J. Glass, eds. Can. Soc. Petrol. Geol., Mem. 4:205-224
Johnson, G.L., Palmason, G. (1980) Observations of the morphology and structure of the sea floor south and west of Iceland, J. Geophys. 47:23-50
Johnson, G.L., Southall, J.R., Young, O.W., Vogt, P.R. (1972) The origin and structure of the Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 77:5688-5696
Joint Oceanographic Institutions Deep Earth Sample (1975) Sources of magnetic anomalies on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature 225:389-390
Kristjansson, L. (1972) On the thickness of the magnetic crustal layer in southwestern Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 16:237-244
Kristjansson, L. (1976a) A marine magnetic survey off southern Iceland. Mar Geophys. Res. 2:315-326
Kristjansson, L. (1976b) Central volcanoes on the western Icelandic shelf. Mar Geophys. Res. 2:285-289
Kristjansson, L. (1976c) Marine magnetic surveys off the west coast of Iceland. Soc. Sci. Isl. Greinar 5:23-44
Kristjansson, L., Thors, K., Karlsson, H.R. (1977) Confirmation of central volcanoes off the Icelandic coast. Nature 268:325-326
Kristjansson, L., Watkins, N.D. (1977) Magnetic studies of basalt fragments recovered by deep drilling in Iceland, and the 'magnetic layer' concept. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 34:365-374
LaBrecque, J.L., Kent, D.V., Cande, S.C. (1977) Revised magnetic polarity time scale for Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic time. Geology 5:330-335
Larsen, H.C. (1978) Offshore continuation of East Greenland dyke swarm and North Atlantic ocean formation. Nature 274:220-223
McMaster, R.L., Schilling, J.-G., Pinet, P.R. (1977) Plate boundary within Tjorness Fracture Zone on northern Iceland's insular margin. Nature 269:663-668
Meyer, O., Voppel., D., Fleischer, U., Closs, H., Gerke, K. (1972) Results of bathymetric, magnetic and gravimetric measurements between Iceland and 70° N. Dtsch. Hydrogr. z. 25:193-206
Minster, J.B., Jordan, T.H., Molnar, P., Haines, E. (1974) Numerical modeling of instantaneous plate tectonics. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc. 36:541-576
Moore, J.G., Schilling, J.G. (1973) Vesicules, water and sulfur in Reykjanes Ridge basalts. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 41:105-118
Morgan, W.J. (1972) Deep mantle convection plumes and plate motions. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 56:203-213
Nilsen, T.H. (1978) Lower Tertiary laterite on the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge and the Thulean land bridge. Nature 274:786-788
Noe-Nygaard, A. (1976) Tertiary igneous rocks between Shannon and Scoresby Sund, East Greenland. In: Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, Eds.: Geological Survey of Greenland, Copenhagen, pp. 387-402
Olafsd6ttir, T. (1975) A moraine ridge on the Iceland shelf, west of Breidafjordur. Natturufraedingurinn 45:31-36
Palmason, G. (1973) Comments on "Origin and Structure of Iceland of Iceland Plateau and Kolbeinsey Ridge,' by G.L. Johnson, J.R. Southall, P.W. Young, P.R. Vogt, J. Geophys. Res. 78:7019
Palmason, G., Saemundsson, K. (1974) Iceland in relation to the MidAtlantic Ridge, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 2, 25-50, 1974 Palma son, G.: Insular Margins of Iceland. In: Geology of Continental Margins, C.A. Burke, C.L. Drake, Eds.: pp. 375-379. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Springer
Palmason, G., Arnorsson, S., Fridleifsson, I.B., Kristmannsdottir, H., Saemundsson, K., Stefansson, V., Steingrimsson, B., Tomasson, J., Kristjansson, L. (1979) The Iceland Crust: Evidence from Drillhole Data on Structure and Processes. In: Deep Drilling Results in the Atlantic Ocean: Ocean Crust, M. Talwani, C.G.A. Harrison, D.E. Hayes, Eds.: Maurice Ewing Series, Vol. 2, pp. 43-65. Am. Geophys. Union
Perry, R.K., Fleming, H.S., Cherkis, N.Z., Feden, R.H., Massingill, J.V. (1977) Bathymetry of the Norwegian - Greenland and Western Barents Sea, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC
Piper, J.D.A. (1973) Interpretation of some magnetic anomalies over Iceland. Tectonophysics 16:163-187
Poehls, K.A., Luyendyk, B.P., Heirtzler, J.R. (1973) Magnetic smooth zones in the world's ocans. J. Geophys. Res. 78:6985-6997
Saemundsson, K. (1974) Evolution of the axial rifting zone in northern Iceland and the Tjornes Fracture Zone. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 85:495-504
Schilling, J.-G. (1973) Iceland mantle plume, geochemical evidence along Reykjanes Ridge. Nature 242:565-578
Serson, P.H., Hannaford, W., Haines, G.V. (1978) Magnetic anomalies over Iceland. Science 162:355-357
Sigurgeirsson, T. (1979) Aeromagnetic maps of SW-Iceland and of middle Western Iceland in scale 1 :250,000. University of Iceland
Sommerhoff, G. (1973) Formenschatz und morphologische Gliederung des siidostgronliindischen Schelfgebietes und Kontinentalabhanges. Meteor Forschungsergeb. Reihe C:15:1-54
Talwani, M., Eldholm, O. (1977) Evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 88:969-999
Talwani, M., Udintsev, G., Shirshov, P.P. (1976) Tectonic Synthesis. In: Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, XXXVIII. pp. 1213-1242. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office
Talwani, M., Windisch, C.C., Langseth, Jr., M. (1971) Reykjanes Ridge crest: A detailed geophysical study. J. Geophys. Res. 76:473-517
Vogt, P.R. (1970) Magnetized basement outcrops on the southeast Greenland continental shelf. Nature 226:743-744
Vogt, P.R. (1971) Asthenosphere motion recorded by the ocean floor south of Iceland. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 13:153-160
Vogt, P.R. (1974) The Iceland Phenomenon: Imprints of a hot spot on the ocean crust, and implicatins for flow below the plates. In: Geodynamics of Iceland and the North Atlantic Area, L. Kristjansson, Ed.: NATO Adv. Study Inst. Ser. pp. 49-62. Dordrecht, Reidel
Vogt, P.R. (1976) Plumes, sub-axial pipe flow, and topography along the mid-oceanic ridge. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 29:309-325
Vogt, P.R. (1979) Global magmatic episodes: New evidence and implications for the steady-state mid-oceanic ridge. Geology 7:93-98
Vogt, P.R., Avery, O. (1974) Detailed magnetic surveys in the northeast Atlantic and Labrador Sea. J. Geophys. Res. 79:363-389
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1973) Magnetic telechemistry of oceanic crust? Nature 245:373-375
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1974) Magnetic telechemistry is elegant but nature is complex-A reply. Nature 251:498-499
Vogt, P.R., Johnson, G.L. (1975) Transform faults and longitudinal flow below the mid-oceanic ridge. J. Geophys. Res. 80:1399-1428
Vogt, P.R., Anderson, C.N., Bracey, D.R., Schneider, E.D. (1970b) North Atlantic magnetic smooth zones. J. Geophys. Res. 75:2955-2968
Vogt, P.R., Ostenso, N.A., Johnson, G.L. (1970a) Magnetic and bathymetric data bearing on sea-floor spreading north of Iceland. J. Geophys. Res. 75:903-920
Vogt, P.R., Perry, R. (1978) Post-rifting accretion of continental margins in the Norwegian-Greenland and Labrador Seas: Morphologic evidence. Eos Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 59, 1204
Voppel, D., Srivastava, S.P., Fleischer, U. (1979) Detailed magnetic measurements south of the Iceland-Faeroe Ridge. Dtsch. Hydrogr. Z. In press
Watkins, N.D., Walker, G.P.L. (1977) Magnetostratigraphy of eastern Iceland. Am. J. Sci. 277:5131-5184
Weidick, A. (1976) Glaciation and the Quaternary of Greenland. In: Geology of Greenland, A. Escher, W.S. Watt, eds.: pp. 431-458. Copenhagen: Geol. Surv. Greenland