Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral currents. 5. Current system associated with eastward drifting omega bands
Article Sidebar
Published:
Oct 22, 1981
Keywords:
Scandinavian Magnetometer Array,
STARE,
Magnetic fields,
Electric fields,
Auroral zone,
Omega bands,
Eastward travelling surges,
Ps6
Volumes
Vols. 1-18 (1924-1944), ISSN 0044-2801
Main Article Content
Abstract
Magnetograms from the Scandinavian Magnetometer Array (SMA) and ionospheric electric field measurements from the Scandinavian Twin Auroral Radar Experiment (STARE) have been evaluated during the passage of several omega bands (or eastward travelling surges) over Northern Scandinavia around 0400 MLT on 16 February 1977. The eastward motion of the omega bands was a pure E × B drift and was associated with Ps6 disturbances of the east-west component particularly of magnetic and electric fields. The two-dimensional distributions of electric and magnetic disturbance fields strongly support the hypothesis of a three-dimensional current system which is embedded in a rather homogeneous westward Hall current and where north-south aligned localized regions of field-aligned currents, flowing upward close to the omega band's wave-crest and downward east and west of it, are travelling eastward with the omega band. These field-aligned currents are associated with eastward and westward electric field disturbances and southward and northward Hall currents between them. It remains unclear whether these Hall currents close within the ionosphere, i.e. forming counterclockwise and clockwise ellipsoidal Hall current vortices, or if they diverge from the ionosphere as field-aligned currents at the southern and northern boundary of the region that is disturbed by the omega band.
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Article Details
How to Cite
Andre, D., & Baumjohann, W. (1981). Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral currents. 5. Current system associated with eastward drifting omega bands. Journal of Geophysics, 50(1), 194-201. Retrieved from https://journal.geophysicsjournal.com/JofG/article/view/201
Section
References
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Baumjohann, W. (1979) Spatially inhomogeneous current configurations as seen by the Scandinavian Magnetometer Array. In: Japanese IMS Committee (Eds.) Proceedmgs of the International Workshop on Selected Topics of Magnetospheric Physics, pp. 35-40. Tokyo
Baumjohann, W., Kamide, K. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 2. Three-dimensional current flow m the morning sector during substorm recovery. J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 33, 297-318
Baumjohann, W., Gustafsson, G., Kuppers, F. (1977) Large-amplitude rapid magnetic variations during a substorm (abstract only). EOS Trans. AGU 58, 718
Baumjohann, W., Untiedt, J., Greenwald, R.A. (1980) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. I. Three-dimensional current flows associated with a substorm-intensified eastward electrojet. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 1963-1978
Baumjohann, W., Pellinen, R.J., Opgenoorth, H.J., Nielsen, E. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 4. Current systems associated with local auroral breakups. Planet. Space Sci. 29, 431-447
Boyd, J.S., Belon, A.E., Romick, G.J. (1971) Latitude and time variations in precipitated electron energy inferred from measurements of auroral height. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 7694-7700
Brekke, A., Doupnik, J.R., Banks, P.M. (1973) A preliminary study of the neutral wind in the auroral E region. J. Geophys. Res. 78, 8235-8250
Cahill, L.J. Jr., Greenwald, R.A., Nielsen, E. (1978) Auroral radar and rocket double-probe observations of the electric field across the Harang-discontinuity. Geophys. Res. Lett. 5, 687-690
Comfort, R.H., Wu, S.T., Swenson, G.R. (1976) An analysis of auroral E region neutral winds based on incoherent scatter radar observations at Chatanika. Planet. Space Sci. 24, 541-560
Davis, T.N. (1962) The morphology of the auroral displays of 1957-1958. 2. Detail analysis of Alaska data and analysis of high latitude data. J. Geophys. Res. 67, 75-110
Ecklund, W.L., Balsley, B.B., Carter, D.A. (1977) A preliminary companson of F region plasma drifts and E region irregularity drifts in the auroral zone. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 195-197
Fukushima, N. (1974) Equivalent current pattern for ground geomagnetic effect when the ionospheric conductivity is discontinuous at the foot of a field-aligned current sheet. Rep. Ionos. Space Res. Jap. 28, 147-151
Greenwald, R.A. (1974) Diffuse radar aurora and the gradient drift instability. J. Geophys. Res. 79, 4807-4810
Greenwald, R.A. (1979) Studies of currents and electric fields in the auroral zone ionosphere using radar auroral backscatter. In: Akasofu, S.-I. (Ed.) Dynamics of the magnetosphere, pp. 213-248. D. Reidel, Dordrecht
Greenwald, R.A., Weiss, W., Nielsen, E., Thomson, N.R. (1978) STARE: a new radar auroral backscatter experiment in northern Scandinavia. Radio Sci. 13, 1021-1039
Gustafsson, G. (1967) On the orientation of auroral arcs. Planet. Space Sci. 15, 277-294
Gustafsson, G. (1969) Auroral orientation curves and the auroral oval. Tell us 21, 852-860
Gustafsson, G. (1970) A revised corrected geomagnetic coordinate system. Ark. Geofys. 5, 595-617
Gustafsson, G., Baumjohann, W., Iversen, I. (1981) Multi-method observations and modelling of the three-dimensional currents associated with a very strong Ps6 event. J. Geophys. 49, 138-145
Holzworth, R.H., Berthelier, J.-J., Cullers, D.K., Fahleson, U.V., Falthammar, C.-G., Hudson, M.K., Jalonen, L., Kelley, M.C., Kellogg, P.J., Tanskanen, P., Temerin, M., Mozer, F.S. (1977) The largescale ionospheric electric field: its variation with magnetic activity and relation to terrestrial kilometric radiation. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 2735-2742
Hypponen, M., Pellinen, R., Sucksdorff, C., Torniainen, R. (1974) Digital all-sky camera. Techn. Rept. No. 9, Finnish Meteorol. Inst.
Inhester, B., Baumjohann, W., Greenwald, R.A., Nielsen, E. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 3. Three-dimensional currents associated with a westward travelling surge. J. Geophys. 49, 155-162
Kamide, Y., Rostoker, G. (1977) The spatial relationship of field-aligned currents and auroral electrojets to the distribution of nightside auroras. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 5589-5608
Kawasaki, K., Rostoker, G. (1979) Perturbation magnetic fields and current systems associated with eastward drifting auroral structures. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 1464-1480
Kuppers, F., Untiedt, J., Baumjohann, W., Lange, K., Jones, A.G. (1979) A two-dimensional magnetometer array for ground-based observations of auroral zone electric currents during the International
Magnetospheric Study (IMS). J. Geophys. 46, 429-450
Lassen, K., Danielsen, C. (1978) Quiet time pattern of auroral arcs for different directions of the interplanetary magnetic field in the Y-Zplane. J. Geophys. Res. 83, 5277-5284
Madsen, M.M., Iversen, L.B., D'Angelo, N. (1976) Measurements of highlatitude ionospheric electric fields by means of balloon-borne sensors. J. Geophys. Res. 81, 3821-3824
Maurer, H., Theile, B. (1978) Parameters of the auroral electrojet from magnetic variations along a meridian. J. Geophys. 44, 415-426
Meng, C.-I., Holzworth, R.H., Akasofu, S.-I. (1977) Auroral circle-delineating the poleward boundary of the quiet auroral belt. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 164-172
Mozer, F.S., Lucht, P. (1974) The average auroral zone electric field. J. Geophys. Res. 79, 1001-1006
Opgenoorth, H.J., Pellinen, R.J., Maurer, H., Kuppers, F., Heikkila, W.J., Kaila, K.U., Tanskanen, P. (1980) Ground-based observations of an onset of localized field-aligned currents during auroral breakup around magnetic midnight. J. Geophys. 48, 101-115
Rino, C.L., Brekke, A., Baron, M.J. (1977) High resolution auroral zone E region neutral wind and current measurements by incoherent scatter radar. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 2295-2304
Rostoker, G., Barichello, J.C. (1980) Seasonal and diurnal variation of Ps6 magnetic disturbances. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 161-163
Saito, T. (1972) Some topics for the study of the mechanism of magnetospheric substorm by means of rocket observation in the auroral zone. Antarctic Rec. 43, 65-69
Saito, T. (1974) Examination of the models for the substorm-associated magnetic pulsation Ps6. Sci. Rep. Tohuku Univ. Ser. 5 Geophys. 22, 35-59
Saito, T. (1978) Long-period irregular magnetic pulsation, Pi3. Space Sci. Rev. 21, 427-467
Theile, B., Wilhelm, K. (1980) Field-aligned currents above an auroral arc. Planet. Space Sci. 28, 351-355
Zanetti, L.J. Jr., Arnoldy, R.L., Cahill, L.J. Jr., Behm, D.A., Greenwald, R.A. (1980) Comparative rocket observations of ionospheric electric fields in the auroral oval. Space Sci. Instr. 5, 183-196
Baumjohann, W. (1979) Spatially inhomogeneous current configurations as seen by the Scandinavian Magnetometer Array. In: Japanese IMS Committee (Eds.) Proceedmgs of the International Workshop on Selected Topics of Magnetospheric Physics, pp. 35-40. Tokyo
Baumjohann, W., Kamide, K. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 2. Three-dimensional current flow m the morning sector during substorm recovery. J. Geomagn. Geoelectr. 33, 297-318
Baumjohann, W., Gustafsson, G., Kuppers, F. (1977) Large-amplitude rapid magnetic variations during a substorm (abstract only). EOS Trans. AGU 58, 718
Baumjohann, W., Untiedt, J., Greenwald, R.A. (1980) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. I. Three-dimensional current flows associated with a substorm-intensified eastward electrojet. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 1963-1978
Baumjohann, W., Pellinen, R.J., Opgenoorth, H.J., Nielsen, E. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 4. Current systems associated with local auroral breakups. Planet. Space Sci. 29, 431-447
Boyd, J.S., Belon, A.E., Romick, G.J. (1971) Latitude and time variations in precipitated electron energy inferred from measurements of auroral height. J. Geophys. Res. 76, 7694-7700
Brekke, A., Doupnik, J.R., Banks, P.M. (1973) A preliminary study of the neutral wind in the auroral E region. J. Geophys. Res. 78, 8235-8250
Cahill, L.J. Jr., Greenwald, R.A., Nielsen, E. (1978) Auroral radar and rocket double-probe observations of the electric field across the Harang-discontinuity. Geophys. Res. Lett. 5, 687-690
Comfort, R.H., Wu, S.T., Swenson, G.R. (1976) An analysis of auroral E region neutral winds based on incoherent scatter radar observations at Chatanika. Planet. Space Sci. 24, 541-560
Davis, T.N. (1962) The morphology of the auroral displays of 1957-1958. 2. Detail analysis of Alaska data and analysis of high latitude data. J. Geophys. Res. 67, 75-110
Ecklund, W.L., Balsley, B.B., Carter, D.A. (1977) A preliminary companson of F region plasma drifts and E region irregularity drifts in the auroral zone. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 195-197
Fukushima, N. (1974) Equivalent current pattern for ground geomagnetic effect when the ionospheric conductivity is discontinuous at the foot of a field-aligned current sheet. Rep. Ionos. Space Res. Jap. 28, 147-151
Greenwald, R.A. (1974) Diffuse radar aurora and the gradient drift instability. J. Geophys. Res. 79, 4807-4810
Greenwald, R.A. (1979) Studies of currents and electric fields in the auroral zone ionosphere using radar auroral backscatter. In: Akasofu, S.-I. (Ed.) Dynamics of the magnetosphere, pp. 213-248. D. Reidel, Dordrecht
Greenwald, R.A., Weiss, W., Nielsen, E., Thomson, N.R. (1978) STARE: a new radar auroral backscatter experiment in northern Scandinavia. Radio Sci. 13, 1021-1039
Gustafsson, G. (1967) On the orientation of auroral arcs. Planet. Space Sci. 15, 277-294
Gustafsson, G. (1969) Auroral orientation curves and the auroral oval. Tell us 21, 852-860
Gustafsson, G. (1970) A revised corrected geomagnetic coordinate system. Ark. Geofys. 5, 595-617
Gustafsson, G., Baumjohann, W., Iversen, I. (1981) Multi-method observations and modelling of the three-dimensional currents associated with a very strong Ps6 event. J. Geophys. 49, 138-145
Holzworth, R.H., Berthelier, J.-J., Cullers, D.K., Fahleson, U.V., Falthammar, C.-G., Hudson, M.K., Jalonen, L., Kelley, M.C., Kellogg, P.J., Tanskanen, P., Temerin, M., Mozer, F.S. (1977) The largescale ionospheric electric field: its variation with magnetic activity and relation to terrestrial kilometric radiation. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 2735-2742
Hypponen, M., Pellinen, R., Sucksdorff, C., Torniainen, R. (1974) Digital all-sky camera. Techn. Rept. No. 9, Finnish Meteorol. Inst.
Inhester, B., Baumjohann, W., Greenwald, R.A., Nielsen, E. (1981) Joint two-dimensional observations of ground magnetic and ionospheric electric fields associated with auroral zone currents. 3. Three-dimensional currents associated with a westward travelling surge. J. Geophys. 49, 155-162
Kamide, Y., Rostoker, G. (1977) The spatial relationship of field-aligned currents and auroral electrojets to the distribution of nightside auroras. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 5589-5608
Kawasaki, K., Rostoker, G. (1979) Perturbation magnetic fields and current systems associated with eastward drifting auroral structures. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 1464-1480
Kuppers, F., Untiedt, J., Baumjohann, W., Lange, K., Jones, A.G. (1979) A two-dimensional magnetometer array for ground-based observations of auroral zone electric currents during the International
Magnetospheric Study (IMS). J. Geophys. 46, 429-450
Lassen, K., Danielsen, C. (1978) Quiet time pattern of auroral arcs for different directions of the interplanetary magnetic field in the Y-Zplane. J. Geophys. Res. 83, 5277-5284
Madsen, M.M., Iversen, L.B., D'Angelo, N. (1976) Measurements of highlatitude ionospheric electric fields by means of balloon-borne sensors. J. Geophys. Res. 81, 3821-3824
Maurer, H., Theile, B. (1978) Parameters of the auroral electrojet from magnetic variations along a meridian. J. Geophys. 44, 415-426
Meng, C.-I., Holzworth, R.H., Akasofu, S.-I. (1977) Auroral circle-delineating the poleward boundary of the quiet auroral belt. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 164-172
Mozer, F.S., Lucht, P. (1974) The average auroral zone electric field. J. Geophys. Res. 79, 1001-1006
Opgenoorth, H.J., Pellinen, R.J., Maurer, H., Kuppers, F., Heikkila, W.J., Kaila, K.U., Tanskanen, P. (1980) Ground-based observations of an onset of localized field-aligned currents during auroral breakup around magnetic midnight. J. Geophys. 48, 101-115
Rino, C.L., Brekke, A., Baron, M.J. (1977) High resolution auroral zone E region neutral wind and current measurements by incoherent scatter radar. J. Geophys. Res. 82, 2295-2304
Rostoker, G., Barichello, J.C. (1980) Seasonal and diurnal variation of Ps6 magnetic disturbances. J. Geophys. Res. 85, 161-163
Saito, T. (1972) Some topics for the study of the mechanism of magnetospheric substorm by means of rocket observation in the auroral zone. Antarctic Rec. 43, 65-69
Saito, T. (1974) Examination of the models for the substorm-associated magnetic pulsation Ps6. Sci. Rep. Tohuku Univ. Ser. 5 Geophys. 22, 35-59
Saito, T. (1978) Long-period irregular magnetic pulsation, Pi3. Space Sci. Rev. 21, 427-467
Theile, B., Wilhelm, K. (1980) Field-aligned currents above an auroral arc. Planet. Space Sci. 28, 351-355
Zanetti, L.J. Jr., Arnoldy, R.L., Cahill, L.J. Jr., Behm, D.A., Greenwald, R.A. (1980) Comparative rocket observations of ionospheric electric fields in the auroral oval. Space Sci. Instr. 5, 183-196