Heat flow measurements in Northern Italy and heat flow maps of Europe
Article Sidebar
Published:
Nov 28, 1974
Keywords:
Geothermics,
Heat Flow,
Trend Analysis of Heat Flow Values
Volumes
Vols. 1-18 (1924-1944), ISSN 0044-2801
Main Article Content
Abstract
26 heat flow values were determined in the northern Italian lakes. The mean is calculated to be 1.59 μcal cm-2s-1 and after subtraction of the effect of uplift and denudation of the Alps 1.07 μcal cm-2s-1. With regard to the results of Austria and Hungary a rise in the mean values is observed from west to east. Heat flow maps have been constructed performing a trend analysis of all available European heat flow values. The Rhinegraben and lvrea anomaly having a "local" character are not recognizable on the maps. Simple transient models for the Ivrea anomaly and the two Mediterranean anomalies have been calculated to explain the present surface flow distribution. The existence of a low velocity layer in the crust west of the Ivrea body is not in disagreement with the measured heat flow values. This does not hold for the lvrea region itself if correction of the heat flow values for uplift and denudation is being made. However, it is perceivable that a heat wave caused by the possibly anomalous hot low velocity layer has not yet reached the Earth surface or can not be detected due to the inaccuracy of the measurements.
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Article Details
How to Cite
Haenel, R. (1974). Heat flow measurements in Northern Italy and heat flow maps of Europe. Journal of Geophysics, 40(1), 367-380. Retrieved from https://journal.geophysicsjournal.com/JofG/article/view/278
Section
References
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Bossolasco, M., Palau, C. (1967) Il flusso geotermico sotto il Monte Bianco. Geofis. Meteor. 14:135-138
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Birch, F. (1958) Interpretation of the seismic structure of the crust in the light of experimental studies of wave velocities in rocks. In: Benioff, H. et al. (Eds.) Contributions in Geophysics in Honor of Beno Gutenberg, Vol. 1, 158-170, Pergamon Press, London
Birch, F. (1962) Investigations of the Earth's crust. International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Monograph No. 22 M. Bath ed., 22-25, IUGG, Paris
Cermak, V. (1968) Der Warmeflus in der CSSR und sein Zusammenhang mit Tiefenstrukturen. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 238:25-32
Clark, S.P., Jr., Niblett, E.R. (1957) Terrestrial heat flow in the Swiss Alps. Month. Not Roy. Astr. Soc., Geophys. Suppl. 7:176-195
Creutzburg, H. (1964) Untersuchungen uber den Warmestrom der Erde in Westdeutschland. Kali u. Steinsalz 4:73-108
De Bruyn, J.W. (1955) Isogram maps of Europe and North Africa. Geophys. Prospecting 3:1-14
Fahlquist, D.A., Hersey, J.B. (1969) Seismic refraction measurements in the western Mediterranean Sea. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco 70 (Nr. 1386):1-52
Fielitz, K. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Temperaturabhangigkeit von Kompressionsund Scherwellengeschwindigkeiten in Gesteinen unter erhohtem Druck. Diss. Univ. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
Giese, P., Prodehl, C., Behnke, C. (1967) Ergebnisse refraktionsseismischer Messungen 1965 zwischen dem Franzosischen Zentralmassiv und den Westalpen. J. Geophys. 33:215-261
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Graeser, S.J., Hunziker, C. (1968) Rb-Sr- und Pb-Isotopen-Bestimmungen an Gesteinen und Mineralen der lvrea-Zone. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 48:189-204
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Haenel, R. (1971) Heat flow measurements and a first heat flow map of Germany. J. Geophys. 37:975-992
Haenel, R. (1972) Heat flow measurements in the Ionian Sea with a new heat flow probe. Meteor Forsch.-Ergebnisse, C:105-108
Haenel, R., Zoth, G. (1973) Heat flow measurements in Austria and heat flow maps of Central Europe. J. Geophys. 39:425-439
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Hirschleber, H., Rudloff, R., Snoek, M. (1972) Preliminary results of seismic measurements in the Gulf of Lion. Bull. Centre Rech. Pau - SNPA 6:395-402
Hughes, D.S., Maurette, C. (1957) Variation of elastic wave velocities in basic igneous rocks with pressure and temperature. Geophysics 22:23-31
Hughes, D.S., Maurette, C. (1957) Determination des vitesses d'onde elastique dans diverses roches en fonction de la pression et de la temperature. Rev. Inst. Franc. Petrole 12:730-752
Huckel, B., Kappelmeyer, O. (1966) Geothermische Untersuchungen im Saarkarbon. Z. dt. geol. Ges. 117:280-311
Hurtig, E. (1973) Der Warmeflul3 in Mitteleuropa. Z. geol. Wiss. 1:461-466
Jager, E., Faul, H. (1960) Altersbestimmungen an einigen Schweizer Gesteinen und dem Granit von Baveno. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 40:10-12
Jager, E., Faul, H. (1961) Rb-Sr-Alter an Gesteinsglimmern der Schweizer Alpen. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 41:255-272
Kaminski, W., Menzel, H. (1968) Zur Deutung der Schwereanomalie des Ivrea-Korpers. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 48:255-260
Kappelmeyer, O. (1967) The geothermal field of the upper rhinegraben. The Rhinegraben Progress Report 1967, Abh. geol. Landesamt Baden-Wurttemberg 6:101-103
Lavenia, A. (1966) Prime misure sperimentali di flusso termico in mare. Boll, Geophys. Teor. Appl. VIII (No 27):40-55
Lee, H.K., Uyeda, S. (1965) Review of heat flow data. In: Terrestrial heat flow, Am. Geophys. Union, Geophys. Monogr. No. 8:87-190
Le Pichon, X. (1968) Sea-floor spreading and continental drift. J. Geophys. Res. 73:3661-3697
Loddo, M., Mongelli, F., Roda, C. (1973) Heat flow in Calabria, Italy. Nature Phys. Sci. 244(136):91-92
Lubimova, E.A. (1966) On construction of temperature profiles for the Earth's crust and reduction of seismic ambiguity. J. Phys. Earth 14:27-36
Lubimova, E.A., Feldman, I.S. (1970) Heat flow, temperature, and electrical conductivity of the crust and upper month in the U.S.S.R. Tectonophysics 10:245-281
Majorowicz, J.A. (1973) Heat flow data from Poland. Nature (Phys. Sci.) 241:16-17
Meineke, W., Hurtig, E., Weiner, J. (1967) Temperaturverteilung, Warmeleitfahigkeit und Warmeflu.B im Thuringer Becken. Geophys. Geol. 11:40-71
Minear, J.W., Toksoz, M.N. (1970) Thermal regime of a downgoing slab and new global tectonics. J. Geophys. Res. 75:1397-1419
Mongelli, F., Riccetti, G. (1970) The Earth's crust and heat flow in the Fossa Brandanica, Southern Italy, Tectonophysics 10:103-125
Mundry, E. (1970) Mathematical estimation concerning the cooling of a magmatic intrusive. Geothermics, Special Issue 2, Part I, 662-668, Pisa
Peaceman, D.W., Rachford, H.H., Jr. (1955) The numerical solution of parabolic and elliptic differential equations. J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. 3:28-41
Plewa, St. (1966) Regionalny olraz parametrow geotermicznych obzarn polski. Wydawnistwo Geofizyka i Geologia Naftowa, 1-88, Krakow
Puranen, M., Jarvimaki, P., Hamalainen, U., Lektinen, S. (1968) Terrestrial heat flow in Finland. Geoexploration 6:151-162
Schossler, K., Schwarzlose, J. (1959) Geophysikalische Warmeflusmessungen. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 75:1-120
Uyeda, S.K., Horai, K. (1964) Terrestrial heat flow in Japan. J. Geophys. Res. 69:2121-2141
Vine, F.J., Poster, C.K., Gass, I.G. (1973) Aeromagnetic survey of the Troodos igneous massif, Cyprus. Nature (Phys.Sci.) 244:34-38
Wilson, J.T. (1963) Evidence from islands on the spreading of ocean floors. Nature 197:536-538
Berckhemer, H. (1968) Topographie des Ivrea-Korpers, abgeleitet aus seismischen und gravimetrischen Daten. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrog. Mitt. 48:235-246
Berry, M.J., Knopoff, L., Mueller, St. (1969) The low-velocity channel of the upper mantle under the Mediterranean Basin. Rapp. et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions XIX, F4:669-670
Bossolasco, M., Palau, C. (1967) Il flusso geotermico sotto il Monte Bianco. Geofis. Meteor. 14:135-138
Birch, F. (1943) Elasticity of igneous rocks at high temperatures and pressures. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 54:263-286
Birch, F. (1958) Interpretation of the seismic structure of the crust in the light of experimental studies of wave velocities in rocks. In: Benioff, H. et al. (Eds.) Contributions in Geophysics in Honor of Beno Gutenberg, Vol. 1, 158-170, Pergamon Press, London
Birch, F. (1962) Investigations of the Earth's crust. International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, Monograph No. 22 M. Bath ed., 22-25, IUGG, Paris
Cermak, V. (1968) Der Warmeflus in der CSSR und sein Zusammenhang mit Tiefenstrukturen. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 238:25-32
Clark, S.P., Jr., Niblett, E.R. (1957) Terrestrial heat flow in the Swiss Alps. Month. Not Roy. Astr. Soc., Geophys. Suppl. 7:176-195
Creutzburg, H. (1964) Untersuchungen uber den Warmestrom der Erde in Westdeutschland. Kali u. Steinsalz 4:73-108
De Bruyn, J.W. (1955) Isogram maps of Europe and North Africa. Geophys. Prospecting 3:1-14
Fahlquist, D.A., Hersey, J.B. (1969) Seismic refraction measurements in the western Mediterranean Sea. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco 70 (Nr. 1386):1-52
Fielitz, K. (1971) Untersuchungen zur Temperaturabhangigkeit von Kompressionsund Scherwellengeschwindigkeiten in Gesteinen unter erhohtem Druck. Diss. Univ. Clausthal-Zellerfeld
Giese, P., Prodehl, C., Behnke, C. (1967) Ergebnisse refraktionsseismischer Messungen 1965 zwischen dem Franzosischen Zentralmassiv und den Westalpen. J. Geophys. 33:215-261
Giese, P., Gunther, K., Reutter, K.J. (1970) Vergleichende geologische und geophysikalische Betrachtungen der Westalpen und des Nordappenins. Z. deutsch. geol. Ges. 120:151-195
Graeser, S.J., Hunziker, C. (1968) Rb-Sr- und Pb-Isotopen-Bestimmungen an Gesteinen und Mineralen der lvrea-Zone. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 48:189-204
Haenel, R. (1970) A new method for the determination of the heat flow in lakes. J. Geophys. 36:725-742
Haenel, R. (1971) Heat flow measurements and a first heat flow map of Germany. J. Geophys. 37:975-992
Haenel, R. (1972) Heat flow measurements in the Ionian Sea with a new heat flow probe. Meteor Forsch.-Ergebnisse, C:105-108
Haenel, R., Zoth, G. (1973) Heat flow measurements in Austria and heat flow maps of Central Europe. J. Geophys. 39:425-439
Haenel, R. (1974) Heat flow measurements in the Norwegian Sea. - Meteor Forsch.Ergebnisse, C, No. 17:74-78
Haenel, R., Gronle, G., Heier, K.S.: Terrestrial heat flow determination from lakes in Southern Norway. Norwegian J. Geol. (In press)
Hentiger, R., Jolivet, J. (1970) Nouvelles Determinations du Flux Geothermique en France. Tectonophysics 10:127-146
Hinz, K. (1972) Results of seismic refraction investigations (Project Anna) in the western Mediterranean Sea, south and north of the island of Mallorca. Bull. Centre Rech. Pau - SNPA 6:405-426
Hirschleber, H., Rudloff, R., Snoek, M. (1972) Preliminary results of seismic measurements in the Gulf of Lion. Bull. Centre Rech. Pau - SNPA 6:395-402
Hughes, D.S., Maurette, C. (1957) Variation of elastic wave velocities in basic igneous rocks with pressure and temperature. Geophysics 22:23-31
Hughes, D.S., Maurette, C. (1957) Determination des vitesses d'onde elastique dans diverses roches en fonction de la pression et de la temperature. Rev. Inst. Franc. Petrole 12:730-752
Huckel, B., Kappelmeyer, O. (1966) Geothermische Untersuchungen im Saarkarbon. Z. dt. geol. Ges. 117:280-311
Hurtig, E. (1973) Der Warmeflul3 in Mitteleuropa. Z. geol. Wiss. 1:461-466
Jager, E., Faul, H. (1960) Altersbestimmungen an einigen Schweizer Gesteinen und dem Granit von Baveno. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 40:10-12
Jager, E., Faul, H. (1961) Rb-Sr-Alter an Gesteinsglimmern der Schweizer Alpen. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 41:255-272
Kaminski, W., Menzel, H. (1968) Zur Deutung der Schwereanomalie des Ivrea-Korpers. Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 48:255-260
Kappelmeyer, O. (1967) The geothermal field of the upper rhinegraben. The Rhinegraben Progress Report 1967, Abh. geol. Landesamt Baden-Wurttemberg 6:101-103
Lavenia, A. (1966) Prime misure sperimentali di flusso termico in mare. Boll, Geophys. Teor. Appl. VIII (No 27):40-55
Lee, H.K., Uyeda, S. (1965) Review of heat flow data. In: Terrestrial heat flow, Am. Geophys. Union, Geophys. Monogr. No. 8:87-190
Le Pichon, X. (1968) Sea-floor spreading and continental drift. J. Geophys. Res. 73:3661-3697
Loddo, M., Mongelli, F., Roda, C. (1973) Heat flow in Calabria, Italy. Nature Phys. Sci. 244(136):91-92
Lubimova, E.A. (1966) On construction of temperature profiles for the Earth's crust and reduction of seismic ambiguity. J. Phys. Earth 14:27-36
Lubimova, E.A., Feldman, I.S. (1970) Heat flow, temperature, and electrical conductivity of the crust and upper month in the U.S.S.R. Tectonophysics 10:245-281
Majorowicz, J.A. (1973) Heat flow data from Poland. Nature (Phys. Sci.) 241:16-17
Meineke, W., Hurtig, E., Weiner, J. (1967) Temperaturverteilung, Warmeleitfahigkeit und Warmeflu.B im Thuringer Becken. Geophys. Geol. 11:40-71
Minear, J.W., Toksoz, M.N. (1970) Thermal regime of a downgoing slab and new global tectonics. J. Geophys. Res. 75:1397-1419
Mongelli, F., Riccetti, G. (1970) The Earth's crust and heat flow in the Fossa Brandanica, Southern Italy, Tectonophysics 10:103-125
Mundry, E. (1970) Mathematical estimation concerning the cooling of a magmatic intrusive. Geothermics, Special Issue 2, Part I, 662-668, Pisa
Peaceman, D.W., Rachford, H.H., Jr. (1955) The numerical solution of parabolic and elliptic differential equations. J. Soc. Ind. Appl. Math. 3:28-41
Plewa, St. (1966) Regionalny olraz parametrow geotermicznych obzarn polski. Wydawnistwo Geofizyka i Geologia Naftowa, 1-88, Krakow
Puranen, M., Jarvimaki, P., Hamalainen, U., Lektinen, S. (1968) Terrestrial heat flow in Finland. Geoexploration 6:151-162
Schossler, K., Schwarzlose, J. (1959) Geophysikalische Warmeflusmessungen. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 75:1-120
Uyeda, S.K., Horai, K. (1964) Terrestrial heat flow in Japan. J. Geophys. Res. 69:2121-2141
Vine, F.J., Poster, C.K., Gass, I.G. (1973) Aeromagnetic survey of the Troodos igneous massif, Cyprus. Nature (Phys.Sci.) 244:34-38
Wilson, J.T. (1963) Evidence from islands on the spreading of ocean floors. Nature 197:536-538